UNDERGRADUATE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

Note: (3-4-5) following courses indicates: 3 hours lecture, 4 hours laboratory, and 5 hours credit; (VAR) indicates variable credit as stated in the course descriptions.

COURSE NUMBERING

Freshman and sophomore courses are numbered 1000 to 2999. They are designed to be taken by students having fewer than two years of university credit. Courses numbered 3000 to 4999 are courses for major programs and are designed to be taken only by students having two or more years of university credit. Courses numbered 5000 to 7999 are designed primarily for graduate students. Any variation from a prescribed program requires written permission from the Dean of the School.

Most courses are identified by a four-letter prefix and a four-digit number, the first digit indicating the year level of the instruction. Learning Services courses are numbered 0090-0199. Learning Services courses carry institutional credit only. These courses cannot be applied for credit toward any degree and are not transferable to another college or university.

NOTE: (4-3-5) following course title indicates: 4 semester hours lecture, 3 semester hours laboratory, and 5 semester hours credit.

(Var.) indicates variable credits, as stated in the course description.

F and S indicate the course will normally be offered during the fall or spring semester, respectively.

ACCOUNTING (ACCT)

ACCT 2101. ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES I. (3-0-3)

A study of the underlying principles of accounting. The analysis of business transactions and financial statements is emphasized with particular focus on the use of accounting information for external decision-making.

ACCT 2102. ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES II. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite ACCT 2101. Introduces the managerial aspects of accounting and the use of information for internal decision-making. Topics include product costing, break-even analysis, master budgets, performance evaluation and capital budgeting.

ACCT 2701, 2702. HONORS SEMINAR. (1-0-1)

Prerequisite: Admission to the College Honors Program and sophomore classification. A general interdepartmental seminar.

ACCT 3101. INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING I. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: ACCT 2101 and ACCT 2102, with a grade of C or better. An advanced study of the current accounting objectives, principles, theory, and practice in the preparation, interpretation, and analysis of general purpose financial statements for external users. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ACCT 3102. INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING II. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ACCT 3101 with a grade of C or better. A continuation of ACCT 3101 providing advanced study of the current accounting objectives, principles, theory, and practice in the preparation, interpretation, and analysis of general purpose financial statements for external users.

ACCT 3106. ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: CBIS 2220 or 2216, pre/co-requisite: ACCT 3101. A study of the fundamentals of accounting information systems. Major topics include transaction processing, internal controls and the effects of information technology on the accounting profession.

ACCT 3110. INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ACCT 2102. A study of the international accounting aspects of managerial accounting, financial accounting, accounting theory, auditing, and taxation.

ACCT 3116. PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION I. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: ACCT 2101. A study of the federal income tax laws as they relate to individuals.

ACCT 3120. COST ACCOUNTING. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ACCT 2102 with a grade of C or better. An in-depth study of the concepts and practices underlying manufacturing, merchandising, and service firms' internal management accounting information systems. The course focuses on the development and use of accounting data for (1) determining product costs, (2) making management decisions, (3) planning and controlling operations, and (4) performance evaluations. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ACCT 3125. NOT-FOR-PROFIT & PUBLIC ACCOUNTING. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ACCT 2102. A study of theory, principles and procedures of accounting for not-for-profit entities. Other current topics are analyzed for their implications for public accounting entities.

ACCT 4116. ADVANCED ACCOUNTING. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ACCT 3102 with a grade of "C" or better. A more advanced study of accounting procedures with attention given to the more difficult and specialized phases that arise in partnerships and consolidations.

ACCT 4120. ADVANCED COST ACCOUNTING. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ACCT 3120 with a grade of C or better. A continuation of ACCT 3120. An in-depth study of the concepts and practices underlying manufacturing, merchandising, and service firms' internal management accounting information systems. The course focuses on the development and use of accounting data for (1) determining product costs, (2) making management decisions, (3) planning and controlling operations, and (4) performance evaluations.

ACCT 4125. PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION II. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ACCT 3116. A study of the federal income tax laws as they relate to corporations and partnerships. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ACCT 4135. AUDITING. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: ACCT 3102 and ACCT 3106, with a grade of C or better. This capstone course is a study of the theory and practice of auditing. The course provides a foundation of concepts and methods that enable auditors to express an opinion on management assertions. Auditing standards at the national level are stressed. The evolution of international standards as a result of multicultural diversity are presented. Ethics, internal control, government regulation, and report writing are other topics emphasized. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ACCT 4505. SPECIAL TOPICS. (3-0-3)

This course meets special needs of students and/or the community. Approval of the department Chairperson is required prior to registration.

ACCT 4605. INTERNSHIP. (VAR. 1-3)

Individually designed and planned learning experience involving field experience and study in the private and public sector. Approval of the department chairperson is required prior to registration.

ACCT 4805. INDEPENDENT STUDY. (VAR. 1-3)

Investigation of a topic of special interest, with reports given to the instructor. Approval of the department Chairperson is required prior to registration.

ACCT 4980. STUDY ABROAD. (VAR. 1-3) ON DEMAND.

See the International Studies section of the catalog for details.

AFRICAN STUDIES (AFST)

AFST 2010. INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN STUDIES. (3-0-3)

A survey of the important issues in the African experience. Topics could include the justification for African studies, history, economic development, political systems, social systems, the position of women, literature, religion and world view, art, health, Africa's place in the world, and the environment.

AFST 2950. SPECIAL TOPICS. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Permission of department. Consideration of topics in which courses are not otherwise offered, but for which there is a current need at the freshman/sophomore level.

AFST 3500. THE GEOGRAPHY OF AFRICA. (3-0-3)

A course dealing with the physical, cultural, political, and social geography of Africa.

AFST 3580. TRADITIONAL AFRICAN WORLDVIEW AND EDUCATION. (3-0-3)

This course is designed to introduce students to fundamental concepts of African world view and to see how the traditional educational system in Africa relies on these concepts. Students will become aware of the essential role of symbolism in the African cultures, and will focus on the notion of multiple meanings for each symbol and each experience in African culture. Students will also be introduced to the changes in African culture as the European educational system (a result of colonialism) began to dominate the formative years of children in Africa. Students will learn about the problems that occur when a very different world view is juxtaposed onto a traditional world view. Students should exit the course with an enhanced understanding of the foundations of traditional African culture and how subsequent generations of colonialism, and then independence, have altered that world view.

AFST 3800. AFRICAN MUSIC AND DANCE. (3-0-3)

This course will introduce students to issues, ideas, personalities, styles and important works of the African musical experience. The primary focus will be on music of Western Africa. Music of other areas will be briefly included. The course will also trace the influences of African music on American music in the form of African American folk songs. Hands-on skills will be included during classroom playing of African instruments. Some concert attendance requirements may be included if available.

AFST 4010. AFRICAN COUNTRY PROJECT. (3-0-3)

A detailed study of a selected African country paying attention to issues such as history, political organization, literature, art, social systems, religion, position of women, economic development and agriculture, education, health, and the environment. This will be a research course done by independent study, with the coordinator of African Studies serving as supervisor, though another faculty member with expertise in the field may be appointed. In consultation with the coordinator the student may decide to focus research on a major issue or a few major issues. A student can also fulfill the requirements of the African Country Project by preparing for and attending one South Eastern Model of the African Union.

AFST 4451. AFRICAN LITERATURE. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ENGL 2110 or IDST 2305, or permission of the instructor. An in-depth study of African literature, with attention to its social, political, historical, cultural, and economic backgrounds. Attention will be paid to the historical development of African literature and aesthetics, and the differences and continuities between Anglophone and Francophone literatures.

AFST 4452. AFRICAN WOMEN WRITERS. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ENGL 2110 or IDST 2305, or permission of the instructor. This course deals with African woman writers' preoccupation with the condition of African womanhood. It will look at these writers' treatment of issues like motherhood, polygamy, marriage, changing roles, the exploitation of women, the education of women, women in politics, and women and tradition.

AFST 4541. THE POLITICS OF MODERN AFRICA. (3-0-3)

An examination of the diverse political systems and regions of contemporary Africa, stressing the historical, governmental, economic and cultural factors essential to an understanding of the African continent.

AFST 3615. LAW AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN AFRICA. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: This course requires a passing grade in SOCI 1121. This course will consider the changes and challenges facing African countries since the achievement of independence such as corrupt governments, huge foreign debts, poverty, starvation, religious and ethnic conflicts, and the HIV/AIDS epidemic. It will explore the ways African governments respond to these challenges, the impediments that lie in their paths, the role of the law in mediating these issues, and the role of civil society. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

AFST 4845. AFRICAN ART HISTORY. (3-0-3)

An introduction to the arts and material culture of sub-Saharan Africa from ancient times to the present. Emphasis on relationship of art forms to social and cultural contexts.

AFST 4950. AFRICAN TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY. (3-0-3)

This course examines the dominant perception of Africa as the backward, "dark" continent that easily succumbed to the advanced technology exhibited by Europeans arriving to bring "the light of civilization,"and addresses the development of technology in Africa throughout history.

ANTHROPOLOGY (ANTH)

ANTH 1102. INTRODUCTION TO ANTHROPOLOGY. (3-0-3)

An introduction to the four subfields of anthropology with emphasis on cultural anthropology, archeology, physical anthropology, and linguistics.

ANTH 1104. INTRODUCTION TO ARCHEOLOGY. (3-0-3)

A study of the development of the science, practice, and major findings of archeology.

ANTH 2950. SPECIAL TOPICS. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Permission of department. Consideration of topics in which courses are not otherwise offered, but for which there is a current need at the freshman/sophomore level.

ANTH 3010. CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Patterns of behavior and group life; cultural evolution development; linguistics, ethnicity, religion in preliterate as well as national societies.

ANTH 3100. NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES. (3-0-3)

A study of issues such as the peopling of North America, the various tribal groups, the effects of the European incursion, and the struggle to preserve Native American culture.

ANTH 3200. INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF LATIN AMERICA. (3-0-3)

An examination of the patterns of behavior and group life, cultural development, linguistics, customs, religion, and other cultural phenomena of Latin American indigenous peoples.

ANTH 3510. ARCHEOLOGY OF THE AMERICAS. (3-0-3)

An advanced introduction to the ancient cultures of the Americas, using archeological evidence, ethnohistorical documents, and modern ethnographies.

ANTH 4000. PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY. (3-0-3)

The study of humans as biological organisms. Topics include: genetics, speciation, adaptation, evolutionary theory, primatology, paleopathology, modern human variation, and others.

ANTH 4600. RISE AND FALL OF CIVILIZATIONS. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ANTH 1102 or ANTH 1104 or permission of instructor. An advanced course which covers the theories of the rise and fall of civilizations with case studies of ancient civilizations from around the world. (Cross-listed with POLS 4600)

ANTH 4800. PLANTS & PEOPLES OF LATIN AMERICA. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ANTH 1102 or BIOL 1100 or BIOL 1107 or BIOL 1120 or permission of instructor. Critical examination of the role neotropical plant resources have played in the culture, economics, and history of Latin America and the world.

ANTH 4940. INDEPENDENT STUDY. (VAR. 1-3)

Prior approval of the department chair or coordinator is required. Investigation of a topic of special interest, with reports to the instructor.

ANTH 4950. SPECIAL TOPICS. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. Consideration of topics in which courses are not otherwise offered, but for which there is a current need. Subject matter varies.

ANTH 4980. STUDY ABROAD. (VAR. 1-15)

ART EDUCATION (ARED)

ARED 3100. ART IN THE ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL. GRADES P-6. (3-0-3)

This course is designed to develop an understanding of art education theories and teaching methods as well as a knowledge of materials and resources for use by the prospective teacher in the general classroom. Fee for materials.

ART (ARTS)

ARTS 0001. FIRST-YEAR ACADEMIC SEMINAR. (1-0-1)

Required of all first-year students to be taken in their first semester on campus, this seminar provides an overview of academic requirements for graduation and helps establish meaningful career goals and objectives. Discussion of policies, standards, procedures, expectations, and resources that will contribute to student success not only during the first semester but throughout the student's academic career at Georgia College & State University.

ARTS 1000. DRAWING I. (2-6-3)

This course is an introduction to drawing from direct observation of still life, landscape, and the human figure. Media includes charcoal, graphite, and ink. Lab fee.

ARTS 1105. UNDERSTANDING VISUAL CULTURE. (2-0-2) (AREA B)

This course seeks to provide the student with a range of skills in perception, comprehension, and a basic vocabulary of words and concepts to enable the student to acquire basic skills in comprehending visual art forms.

ARTS 1200. TWO-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN. (2-6-3)

Introduction to the elements and principles of two-dimensional design in black and white and color. Lab fee.

ARTS 1201. THREE-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN. (2-6-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 1200. Continued study of the elements and principles of design and their application in three dimensions. Lab fee.

ARTS 1620. INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPUTER IN ART. (2-6-3)

Introduces the computer as a creative and art career support tool. The basics of digital imaging and web design are taught while considering the work of contemporary artists and designers. No prerequisites. Lab Fee.

ARTS 2010. DRAWING II. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200, 1000. This course is the study and practice of drawing with an emphasis on concept and further media exploration. The non-referential act of drawing and its emotional and psychological components will be addressed. Lab fee.

ARTS 2100. PAINTING I. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200 and 2800 or 2810. Study and practice of aqueous media with emphasis on techniques, concepts, and history. Lab fee. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ARTS 2200. PHOTOGRAPHY I. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200 and 2800 or 2810. Photography is taught as a medium for self-exploration and self-expression. The course emphasizes the art making process, in which photographic images and concepts are discussed within a social/historical, genre specific, aesthetic, and technical context. The course will focus on camera operation, exposure control, black and white film development and printing procedures, and print presentation. A 35mm camera with manual adjustments or manual override for focus, apertures, and shutter speeds is required. Lab fee. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ARTS 2300. PRINTMAKING I: INTRODUCTION TO PRINTMAKING. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200 and 2800 or 2810. Students are introduced to basic printmaking media, including relief, intaglio, lithography and serigraphy. A fundamental understanding and competency with the media will be achieved, allowing participants to begin developing a language in which they are able to express a personal artistic vision. In addition to studio work, students will engage in written historical research related to printmaking. Lab fee. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ARTS 2400. MUSEUM STUDIES I: INTRODUCTION TO MUSEUM STUDIES. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200 and ARTS 2800 or ARTS 2810. Through lectures, lab/gallery work, discussions, slide presentations and field trips to museums, students will learn about the history and functions of museums, their missions, diverse collections, exhibition programming, interaction with its audience and community, and learn the organizational structure within a museum. This course includes a survey of historical and contemporary examples of American museums with a specific focus on visual arts institutions. Lab Fee.

ARTS 2510. CERAMICS I. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200, 1201 and 2800 or 2810. An introduction to the materials and process in designing, constructing, glazing, and firing of ceramic works. Lab fee. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ARTS 2620. DIGITAL I: DIGITAL PRINT. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200 and 1620 and 2800 or 2810. The computer is used as a creative print medium introducing software such as Photoshop, Illustrator, and Quark, and hardware such as digital cameras, scanners, and printers. The course emphasizes art making and reception within cultural, historical, and technical contexts. Many strategies will be considered by viewing and discussing art relating to student assignments, including a short research project and readings. Lab fee. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ARTS 2720. FIBER ARTS I. INTRODUCTION TO FIBER FORMS AND MATERIALS (2-6-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 1200, 1000, 2800 or 2810. Students are introduced to fiber structures through a variety of processes, including loom weaving, basketry techniques, and mixed media compositions. By using conventional and non-conventional methods, the art of weaving will be explored by creating both two and three-dimensional forms. Through slide lectures, demonstrations, research, and critiques, students will gain a better understanding of "fiber" as fine art. Emphasis will be placed upon the development of skill and craft, personal direction, and concepts. Lab fee. This course is non-repeatable.

ARTS 2800. THE ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL WORLDS. (3-0-3)

An introductory history of Art prior to the beginning of the 14th century. From the ancient Egyptian pyramids to the Buddhist temples of India, from the mosques of Arabia to the Gothic cathedrals of Europe, the course introduces the visual cultures of the Ancient and Medieval worlds using key monuments and issues as the focus. No prerequisites.

ARTS 2810. FROM THE RENAISSANCE TO THE MODERN WORLD. (3-0-3)

An introductory history of Art from the beginning of the 14th century. From Michelangelo to media culture, this course introduces the visual cultures of Europe, Africa, and the Americas beginning with the Renaissance, using key issues and monuments as the focus. No prerequisites.

ARTS 3020. DRAWING III. FIGURE DRAWING. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2010, ARTS 2800 or 2810. Drawing from the human form. Modes of representation are examined and the expressive potential of the human form explored. The figure in context and the history of its role in art and society will be addressed. Research component. Lab fee.

ARTS 3100. PAINTING II. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2100. This course will continue an investigation of aqueous media focusing on technical competence, exploration of media and approaches. Contents of the course will focus on special topics, such as, figure painting. Research and written component scheduled for the course. Lab fee.

ARTS 3110. PAINTING III. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2100. This course will focus on public mural painting as an art-form. Emphasis of the course will be placed on the conceptualization, preparation, production, and collaboration of public murals with an art historical context. Research and written component scheduled for the class. Lab fee.

ARTS 3200. PHOTOGRAPHY II. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2200. Photography is taught as a medium for self-exploration and self-expression. The course emphasizes the art making process, in which photographic images/concepts are discussed within a social/historical, genre specific, aesthetic, and technical context. The course covers an introduction to the Zone System, Sabbatier Effect, print toning, bleaching, hand coloring, and the Cyano-type process. The course will explore the traditions of the photographic narrative. In addition to studio work, students will engage in written historical research related to photography. Lab fee.

ARTS 3240. PHOTOGRAPHY III. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2200. This course will explore the digital realm of photography with an emphasis on the student working in a serial manner to develop a coherent body of work. Non-traditional and interdisciplinary approaches to photography will be explored and encouraged. In addition to studio work, students will engage in written historical research related to photography. Lab fee.

ARTS 3300. PRINTMAKING II: RELIEF & INTAGLIO PRINTMAKING. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2300. Students are provided with the opportunity to work intensively with the various processes of relief and intaglio printmaking, expanding their artistic vocabulary through the unique visual qualities offered by the wood, linoleum, zinc and copper matrices. Technical and conceptual expectations exceed those of the introductory printmaking course. Students will engage in written historical research related to the media, and through their visual and written work are encouraged to challenge current preconceptions regarding what constitutes printmaking and the fine arts. Lab fee.

ARTS 3400. MUSEUM STUDIES II: EXHIBITION DESIGN. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2400. This course examines issues of exhibition design. This course includes the study of museum and gallery design principles and exhibition construction techniques. Students will also follow and develop an idea from conceptualization to realization. Practical experience in all aspects of the development, promotion, documentation, installation, and lighting of museum exhibits. Lab Fee.

ARTS 3510. CERAMICS II. (2-6-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 2510. Students choose an emphasis between hand-building or wheel-thrown ceramic work and refine their skills learned in Ceramics I. Lab fee.

ARTS 3620. DIGITAL II: INTERACTIVITY. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200 and 1620 and 2800 or 2810. The computer is used as a creative, interactive medium, introducing concepts such as the interface and web art, and software such as Dreamweaver, Flash, and Fireworks. The course emphasizes art making and reception within cultural, historical, and technical contexts. Many strategies will be considered by viewing and discussing art relating to student assignments, including a short research project and readings. Lab fee.

ARTS 3640. DIGITAL III: VIDEO AND SOUND. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 1200 and 1620 and 2800 or 2810. The computer is used as a creative, time-based medium. Concepts are introduced such as the live action moving image and sound as art, editing, and software such as Premiere, After Effects, and Pro Tools. The course emphasizes art making and reception within cultural, historical, and technical contexts. Many strategies such as experimental narrative, documentary, and looping will be considered by viewing and discussing art relating to student assignments, including a short research project and readings. Lab fee.

ARTS 3730. FIBER ARTS II. PAPER, BOOKS AND DIMENSIONAL FORMS (2-6-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 2720. This course will introduce students to basic Western and Asian sheet forming and casting methods, while focusing primarily on the creation of sculptural forms. Students will also be introduced to coil basketry as well as exploring basic bookbinding, felt making and stitching techniques. A range of contemporary issues involving alternative media and new formats are explored through slide lectures and class discussions. Students will be encouraged to develop conceptual focus and individual direction. The students in this class will create a collaborative sculptural project. Lab Fee

ARTS 3740. FIBER ARTS III. WOVEN STRUCTURES AND ALTERNATIVE MEDIA (2-6-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 2720. This course develops a woven vocabulary using multi-harness looms. Content is explored in the development of individual direction and relationship to the discussion of historical and contemporary textiles and other works of art. Students will be allowed to build on the concepts and techniques they developed in ARTS 2720 and ARTS 3730 by continuing to develop individual direction within the technical framework of the loom. Lab Fee.

ARTS 4110. PAINTING IV. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 3100 and 3110. Exploration of media and approach in a non-traditional manner. Includes writing and research component. Lab fee.

ARTS 4120. PAINTING V. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 4110. Intensive studio experience based upon a student-generated project resulting in the production of a coherent body of work. Includes writing and research component. Lab fee.

ARTS 4200. PHOTOGRAPHY IV. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2200, 3200 or 3240. This course will cover the history and theory of color photography with an emphasis on student working in a serial manner to develop a coherent body of work. Non-traditional and interdisciplinary approaches to photography will be explored and encouraged. Processing of slide and negative films as well as prints from both types of film. In addition to studio work, students will engage in written historical research related to photography. Lab fee.

ARTS 4240. PHOTOGRAPHY V. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2200, 3200 or 3240.This course will explore medium and large format photography with an emphasis on student working in a serial manner to develop a coherent body of work. Non-traditional and interdisciplinary approaches to photography will be explored and encouraged. In addition to studio work, students will engage in written historical research related to photography. Lab fee.

ARTS 4300. PRINTMAKING III: LITHOGRAPHIC AND SERIGRAPHIC PRINTMAKING. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2300. The processes of lithography and silkscreen are explored, allowing for a broader understanding and facility with the limestone, aluminum, and silkscreen matrices. As greater stress is placed on the development of an informed personal esthetic, technical and conceptual expectations exceed those of prior printmaking courses. Students will engage in written historical research related to the media, and through their visual and written work are to continue questioning past constructs and current preconceptions regarding printmaking and the fine arts. Lab fee.

ARTS 4330. PRINTMAKING IV: ADVANCED STUDIO WORKSHOP. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2300, 3300 and 4330. Individual student engagement in advanced, concept-driven investigations involving a specific process or combined printmaking media. Participants will develop a cohesive body of work by exhibiting a high degree of self-reliance, maintaining close communication with the instructor, and experiencing the freedom and responsibility to explore, experiment, and refine their work conceptually and technically. Lab fee.

ARTS 4400. MUSEUM STUDIES III: CRITICAL AND CURATORIAL THEORY AND DEVELOPMENT. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2400. This course focuses on curatorial principles, how a curator researches and critically selects artists for exhibitions, develop exhibitions and collections, and work in a museum environment. This course will survey historical and contemporary examples of American exhibitions.

ARTS 4420. MUSEUM STUDIES IV: MUSEUM ADMINISTRATION. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2400. This course focuses on museum administration and its organizational structure. This course will survey the roles and relationships of museum departments and operational issues, including security and disaster planning; museum accounting and finance, including budgeting management; leadership, strategic and operational planning; and legal and ethical issues facing museums and galleries.

ARTS 4510. CERAMICS III. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2510. Students choose an emphasis between hand-building or wheel-thrown ceramic work and refine their skills learned in Ceramics II. Concepts and designs are stressed with assignments that allow students to develop their own artistic vision. Non-traditional and interdisciplinary approaches to ceramics will be explored and encouraged. Students are encouraged to explore alternate firing processes and are responsible for firing their own kilns. Lab fee.

ARTS 4520. CERAMICS IV. (2-6-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 3510 and 4510. Students choose an emphasis between hand-building or wheel-thrown ceramic work and refine their skills learned in Ceramics III. Students will propose a ceramic-based research assignments with the guidance and approval of the instructor in relation to the student's artistic vision through the exploration of working in a series. Non-traditional and interdisciplinary approaches to ceramics will be explored and encouraged. Students will be expected to understand the principles and the fundamentals of various firing processes and will be responsible for firing their own kilns. Lab fee.

ARTS 4620. DIGITAL IV:COMMUNITY PROJECTS. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2620 and 3620. The computer is used as a creative medium to solve art and design problems for the community of GCSU and Milledgeville, in a client-artist/designer student group relationship overseen by faculty. Print, Web, Video, and/or Sound projects will be produced. Lab fee.

ARTS 4640. DIGITAL V: ADVANCED DIGITAL STUDIO. (2-6-3)

Prerequisites: ARTS 2620, 3620, and 3640. The computer as a creative medium begins to come out of its box while further developing traditional software-based art making. Concepts will be explored such as interactivity in real as well as virtual spaces, global media, telecommunication, or robotics. The students' individual artistic voices are developed in increasingly self-directed formats. Lab fee.

ARTS 4750. FIBER ARTS IV. HAND RESIST PRINTING AND DYEING, SCREEN-PRINTING AND EMBELLISHMENT. (2-6-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 2720. This course investigates the Japanese shibori and Indian plangi resist techniques of binding, stitching, shaping and dyeing cloth to produce intricate patterns, along with traditional Japanese and African paste-resist drawing and stenciling techniques. Cloth will be dyed in Indigo and with cold water dyes and printed and painted with dyes and inks to produce complex surfaces. Students will then learn traditional stitching, embroidery, beading and appliqué techniques, which they can use to alter and enrich the surfaces. Lab Fee.

ARTS 4760. FIBER ARTS V. INSTALLATION, MATERIAL AND CONTEXT. (2-6-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 3730, 3740, and 4750. This course examines the transformation and definition of space through the use of materials including hard and soft, flexible, found and alternative and the meanings these materials invoke. The implications of inter-dependency, rearrangement, and responsiveness to time within an environment are considered. The concept of installation includes relationships of objects, environments, and site-specific works, and will examine a range of spaces: public/private, interior/exterior, urban/rural. Concepts are developed through research, material investigations, and developments of both two and three-dimensional explorations. Emphasis is placed on both collaborative and individual direction. Lab Fee

ARTS 4800. WOMEN AND ART. (3-0-3)

This course introduces women artists traditionally neglected by art historical surveys, though the primary emphasis of the course will be on the socio-historical issues and the critical concepts that have informed these exclusions. Beginning with goddess cultures, we will map the impact Feminisms have had on art production and reception, and feminist art historians' efforts to reconstruct the art historical canon. Theories of race and class will be explored as well as contributions from film theory and lesbian studies. (Cross-listed as WMST 4800). No prerequisites.

ARTS 4810. TWENTIETH CENTURY ART, 1900-1950. (3-0-3)

A survey of art of the first 5 decades of the 20th century examining painting, sculpture and architecture emphasizing their interrelationships within historical contexts. Theoretical and formal discussions will focus upon the critical assessment of various works and movements, changes in the production and reception of art, and reasons for the shift from Paris to New York as the home of the "avant-garde." ARTS 2800 and 2810 strongly recommended.

ARTS 4820. LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY ART SINCE 1950. (3-0-3)

A survey of post-World War II art, examining painting, sculpture, photography, performance, video, film, conceptual practices, and the mass media. Critical issues to be examined include the art market, feminist art practices, the politics of identity, and artistic freedom and censorship. ARTS 2800 and 2810 strongly recommended.

ARTS 4825. SEMINAR IN ART HISTORY. (3-0-3)

Exploration in advanced problems in a special field of study. Prerequisites: ARTS 2800 or 2810 and one upper level Art History.

ARTS 4830. AMERICAN ART: FROM COLONY TO CONCEPTUALISM. (3-0-3)

A survey of the visual arts (principally painting, sculpture, and architecture but also non-traditional media) in the United States from the early republic to the late twentieth century. Prerequisite: ARTS 2810.

ARTS 4840. AFRICAN-AMERICAN ART. (3-0-3)

An overview of general information on African-American visual arts and material culture in the United States. (Cross-listed as BLST 4840.)

ARTS 4845. AFRICAN ART HISTORY. (3-0-3)

An introduction to the arts and material culture of sub-Saharan Africa from ancient times to present. Emphasis on relationship of art forms to social and cultural contexts. (Cross-listed as BLST 4845.) No prerequisites.

ARTS 4850. ART CRITICISM. (3-0-3)

This course will explore selected aspects of the history, theory, and practice of art criticism, with special consideration to modernism and postmodernism and their immediate historical antecedents. We will engage the art of this century in three ways: 1) by inquiring into the nature of experience, especially aesthetic experience; 2) by reading and discussing a wide range of influential art-critical texts; and 3) by developing our own knowledge and skills as critics of art. Prerequisites: ARTS 2800 or 2810 and one upper level Art History or at the discretion of the instructor.

ARTS 4851. COMPARATIVE AESTHETICS. (3-0-3)

This course is designed to introduce students to diverse philosophies of art from a variety of cultural perspectives. Every culture has questions and ideas about the origins and nature of art and the philosophical basis of art's relationship to human existence. Art is intimately linked to diverse religious practices and to various ceremonies of birth, transition, death, and transcendence. Through explorations of the visual and performing arts of several different world cultures, this course compares similarities and contrasts differences of diverse cultural responses to these basic philosophical questions about the nature of art and its role in human life.

ARTS 4855. PUBLIC ART & MEDIA CULTURE. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 2800 or 2810 and one 3000-4000 level Art History course. An in-depth exploration of theories and practices of contemporary art in the public realm and of popular media culture. On a theoretical level, students will learn how to employ postmodern theories of cultural criticism to decipher and deconstruct mass-media representations. Students will also learn contemporary theories and exemplary practitioners of New Genre Public Art, and will learn practical strategies for community interaction and activism through active participation in a community art project.

ARTS 4860. NINETEENTH CENTURY ART OF THE WEST. (3-0-3)

Nineteenth-Century Painting from the American and French Revolutions through Impressionism/Post-Impressionism. Focusing on Europe and the United States, this lecture course will begin with the arts produced for revolutions and close with the triumphs of Impressionism and the dealer/critic system. Prerequisite: ARTS 2810.

ARTS 4870. HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY, 1839-PRESENT. (3-0-3)

The social and aesthetic history of photography from its inception through the present. Prerequisite: ARTS 2810.

ARTS 4880. ASIAN ART HISTORY-CHINESE. (3-0-3)

Introduction to the arts of selected Chinese cultures from ancient times to present. Emphasis on relationship of art forms to social and cultural contexts. No prerequisites.

ARTS 4881. ASIAN ART HISTORY-INDIAN. (3-0-3)

Introduction to the arts of Indian cultures from ancient times to present. Emphasis on relationship of art forms to social and cultural contexts. No prerequisites.

ARTS 4882. ASIAN ART HISTORY-SOUTHEAST ASIA. (3-0-3)

Introduction to the arts of Southeast Asian cultures from ancient times to present. Emphasis on relationship of art forms to social and cultural contexts. No prerequisites.

ARTS 4950. SPECIAL TOPICS. (VAR. 1-4)

Consideration of topics in which courses are not otherwise offered but for which there is a current need. Subject matter varies. Prerequisite: permission of instructor.

ARTS 4960. INTERNSHIP. (VAR. 1-15)

Prerequisites: Approval by the chairperson of the department. An individually designed and planned learning experience involving off-campus field experience and study in the private or public sector.

ARTS 4970. ARTS PRACTICUM. (0-6-3)

Prerequisites: Student must be an Art major with an overall GPA of 2.5, completed all upper level coursework in the practicum area and have the permission of the instructor. Through individual interaction/collaboration with Art History, Studio Art or Museum Studies faculty, students are provided the opportunity to develop skills in research, teaching methodology and studio maintenance within the student's major area of interest. This course is non-repeatable for credit.

ARTS 4980. STUDY ABROAD. (VAR. 1-15)

See the International Studies section of the catalog for details.

ARTS 4985. ADVANCED STUDIO PROBLEMS. (0-6-3)

Individual problems in the studio area. The student must have completed the most advanced 3000/4000 level course in the designated discipline and with permission of instructor. Lab fee.

ARTS 4990. SENIOR PROJECT. (1-5-3)

Prerequisites: Student must be an Art major in the senior year. Weekly critiques will focus on the development of a coherent body of artwork, using the student's choice of medium. Required as preparation for the Senior Exhibition. Must be taken the semester before Senior Exhibition.

ARTS 4991. SENIOR EXHIBITION. (1-5-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 4000. The student will continue to develop and refine a coherent body of work that will culminate in the senior exhibition. Professional presentation of the work and issues surrounding the exhibition of artwork will be addressed.

ARTS 4992. SENIOR RESEARCH. (1-5-3)

Prerequisites: Student must be an Art major in the senior year. Students will meet with faculty on a weekly basis to discuss progress on individual research related to specific problems in Art History. This research will be developed under the supervision of the Art Faculty as an interdisciplinary team. Required as preparation for the Senior Thesis and Presentation. Must be taken the semester before Senior Thesis and Presentation.

ARTS 4993. SENIOR THESIS AND PRESENTATION. (1-5-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 4992. Students will meet with faculty on a weekly basis to discuss progress on individual research related to specific problems in Art History. This research will be developed under the supervision of the Art Faculty as an interdisciplinary team. Writing and presentation of Senior Thesis as developed from the Senior Research Project.

ARTS 4994. SENIOR THESIS PROJECT. (1-5-3)

Prerequisites: Department Chair's approval. Student must be an Art major in the senior year. Creative research project will focus on the development of a cohesive body of artwork, using the student's choice of medium. This research will be developed under the supervision of the Art Faculty as an interdisciplinary team. Required as preparation for the Senior Exhibition. Must be taken the semester before Senior Thesis Exhibition.

ARTS 4995. SENIOR THESIS EXHIBITION. (1-5-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 4994 and Department Chair's approval. Student must be an Art major in the final senior semester. The student will continue to develop and refine their creative research into a substantial cohesive body of work that will culminate in a professional quality exhibition in the Blackbridge Hall Gallery. This research will be developed under the supervision of the Art faculty as an interdisciplinary team. Professional presentation of the work and issues surrounding the exhibition of artwork will be addressed.

ARTS 4996. MUSEUM STUDIES: SENIOR CURATORIAL RESEARCH. (1-5-3)

Prerequisite: Student must be a Museum Studies Concentration Art major in the senior year. Student will meet with faculty on a weekly basis to discuss progress on individual research related to specific problems in Museum Studies. Required as preparation for the Senior Thesis and Curatorial Presentation. Must be taken the semester before Senior Thesis and Curatorial Presentation.

ARTS 4997. MUSEUM STUDIES: SENIOR THESIS AND CURATORIAL PRESENTATION. (1-5-3)

Prerequisite: ARTS 4996. Writing and presentation of Senior Thesis as developed from the Senior Curatorial Research. Student will curate and organize an exhibition.

ASTRONOMY (ASTR)

ASTR 1000. INTRODUCTION TO THE UNIVERSE. (3-0-3) (AREA D) FALL, SPRING, SUMMER

Corequisite: ASTR 1000L. A survey of the universe, examining the historical origins of astronomy; the motions and physical properties of the Sun, Moon, and planets; the formation, evolution, and death of stars; and the structure of galaxies and the expansion of the universe.

ASTR 1000L. INTRODUCTION TO THE UNIVERSE LABORATORY. (0-1-1) FALL, SPRING, SUMMER

Prerequisite or corequisite: ASTR 1000. Laboratory course to accompany ASTR 1000. This course has a laboratory fee.

ASTR 2950. SPECIAL TOPICS. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Permission of department. Consideration of topics in which courses are not otherwise offered, but for which there is a current need at the freshman/sophomore level.

ASTR 3020. OBSERVATIONAL TECHNIQUES IN ASTRONOMY. (3-0-3) SPRING

Prerequisite: MATH 1113 & ASTR 1000 or PHYS 1111 or PHYS 2211. The study of modern techniques used to obtain data and determine the physical properties of astronomical objects. Topics will include the geometry of the sky, electromagnetic radiation, telescopes, modern electronic imaging and spectroscopic devices, and the determination of the physical and statistical properties of stars and galaxies.

ASTR 3920. SEMINAR. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: Approval of department chairperson. Special Topics not covered in other astronomy or physics courses.

ASTR 4999. RESEARCH. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisites: 8 Credits of Physics, an additional 8 credits of mathematics, astronomy or chemistry, approval of Department Chairman. Course designed to offer the student a meaningful experience in scientific research.

BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS (BCOM)

BCOM 2285. BUSINESS COMMUNICATION AND REPORTS. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ENGL 1102. The study and application of external and internal communications within business organizations. The course provides an analysis of and practical experience with written and oral communications involving word and information processing systems, telecommunications, multimedia, mail systems, and computer-generated graphics. Business ethical, cross-cultural, and international issues associated with communications are explored and analyzed.

BCOM 3400. TECHNICAL WRITING. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: ENGL 1102, CBIS 2220, or CBIS 2215 or equivalent courses as determined by instructor or department chair. Principles and practice in the communication of technical material, emphasizing the needs of business and industry. Design, composition, and revision of reports, articles, manuals, procedures, and proposals emphasizing the use of collaboration and graphics to develop informative, visually effective print and electronic media. This course makes extensive use of computer skills in the creation of technical documentation.

BCOM 4281. REPORT WRITING. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: ENGL 1102, CBIS 2215, or CBIS 2220, and BCOM 2285, or equivalent courses as determined by instructor or department chair. Beginning with methods of collecting and organizing data, the course is designed to give the student an understanding of the significance of report writing in business. It provides for the application of the principles of report writing, including writing style and graphic presentation. Computers and multimedia are utilized for developing, storing, and producing reports. The use of quality standards and ethical procedures in gathering and presenting data are emphasized.

BCOM 4282. MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATIONS. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: ENGL 1102, CBIS 2215, or CBIS 2220, and BCOM 2285, or equivalent courses as determined by instructor or department chair. This course is designed to meet the needs of students planning a career in business. Included are the written and oral communications used by managers in organizations, the variables and ethics which influence these communications, and the management of information systems, multimedia, and other forms of communication technology. Topics include managerial communication documents, media relations, crisis communications, interviewing techniques, and international communication concerns.

BCOM 4283. GLOBAL AND INTERCULTURAL BUSINESS COMMUNICATION. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: ENGL 1102, CBIS 2215 or CBIS 2220, and BCOM 2285, or equivalent courses as determined by instructor or department chair. This course reviews the business communication issues in a global and intercultural society. Included are the global and intercultural communications carried out by managers in organizations, the variables that influence those communications, and the management of information systems. Emphasis is placed on the ethical and legal problems encountered in global and intercultural business communication.

BCOM 4505. SPECIAL TOPICS. (3-0-3)

This course meets special needs of students and/or the community. Approval of the department chairperson is required prior to registration.

BCOM 4605. INTERNSHIP. (VAR. 1-9)

Individually designed and planned learning experience involving field experience and study in the private or public sector. Approval of the department chairperson is required prior to registration.

BCOM 4805. INDEPENDENT STUDY. (VAR. 1-3)

Investigation of a topic of special interest, with reports given to instructor. Approval of the department chairperson is required prior to registration.

BUSINESS INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES (BIDS)

BIDS 1705. FIRST YEAR ACADEMIC SEMINAR. (1-0-1)

This institutional credit course will introduce students to life at Georgia College & State University and The J. Whitney Bunting School of Business. This course will also focus on campus programs and activities, basic study skills, department programs and majors, school organizations, and activities designed to help students succeed in their university endeavors. The hours earned in this course may not be used in the total hours required for graduation.

BIDS 0001. BASIC COMPUTER SKILLS TEST. (0-0-0)

The Basic Computer Skills Test (BCST) is the Sam Challenge published by Course Technology. This exam is used as a placement test for over 300 universities in the US, and satisfies the prerequisite for CBIS 2220. The exam covers the basics of computing to include a skills based test on the Microsoft Office Suite (Word, Excel, and PowerPoint), a number of True/False and multiple choice questions on technical concepts, and terminology frequently encountered in the workplace.

BIDS 2105. DYNAMICS OF BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY. (3-0-3)

An interdisciplinary course designed to provide a broad understanding of the need for a vibrant and viable business structure in a dynamic, changing society. Topics will include resource usage, environmental concerns, production and distribution of goods and services, motivation, leadership and societal team building. Legal nuances necessary to meet the requirements of a demanding society will be introduced. (May not be used as a School of Business elective.)

BIDS 3710. CAREERS AND EMPLOYMENT SEMINAR. (1-0-1)

Prerequisites: Completion of Area F courses and junior standing. This institutional credit course is designed to prepare students for the world of work. The course will cover careers, career planning, job search and networking procedures, employment communications, interviewing and job negotiation techniques, and business etiquette.

BIDS 3735. RESEARCH SEMINAR IN BUSINESS. (3-0-3)

The course will cover research methodologies in business, including types of studies, data acquisition and measurement issues, data analysis, and interpretation and reporting of research findings.

BIDS 4505. SPECIAL TOPICS. (3-0-3)

This course meets special needs of students and/or the community. Approval of the Dean's Office is required prior to registration.

BIDS 4710. ACADEMIC SERVICE SEMINAR. (1-0-1)

Prerequisites: Completion of Area F courses and senior standing. This institutional credit course will provide students with opportunities to volunteer skills for service projects. The course will focus on individual and team projects in non-profit and service organizations. Additional activities will include group discussions and a report of the completed project.

BIDS 4805. INDEPENDENT STUDY. (3-0-3)

Investigation of a topic of special interest, with reports given to instructor. Approval of the Dean's Office is required prior to registration.

BIOLOGY (BIOL)

BIOL 0001. FIRST YEAR ACADEMIC SEMINAR. (1-0-1) F

To introduce new majors to the program requirements in biology. To provide guidance on what it will take to be a successful student in the department, and to introduce students to the multiple avenues available in the department for students to interact with faculty.

BIOL 1100. BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES. (3-0-3) F, S, SU (AREA D1)

A survey of basic principles of life as reflected in the structure and physiology of cells and organisms.

BIOL 1100L. BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES LAB. (0-2-1) F, S, SU (AREA D1)

Laboratory course to accompany BIOL 1100. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 1107. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I. (3-0-3) F, S, SU (AREA D2)

This course covers the general principles of biology, including biomolecules, cell structure and function, and bioenergetics. It is expected to help students develop and improve their research skills, and prepare them for upper-level courses in the Biology Department.

BIOL 1107L. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I LAB. (0-2-1) F, S, SU (AREA D2)

Laboratory course to accompany BIOL 1107. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 1108. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II. (3-0-3)

The investigation of the diverse life forms. Emphasis will be placed upon their systematic groupings as well as their morphology, physiology, life histories and ecology.

BIOL 1108L. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II LAB. (0-2-1) F, S, SU

Laboratory course to accompany BIOL 1108. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 1120. BIODIVERSITY. (3-0-3) F, S, SU (AREA D1)

Survey of the basic principles of life as reflected in reproductive physiology, heredity, evolution, behavior, and ecology.

BIOL 1120L. BIODIVERSITY LAB. (0-2-1) F, S, SU (AREA D1)

Laboratory course to accompany BIOL 1120. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 2100. GENETICS. (3-2-4)

A study of inheritance, including Mendelian genetics, chromosomal inheritance patterns, DNA structure and function, and population genetics. The lab will consist of solving problem sets and some experimental techniques. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 2160. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I. (3-3-4)

The structure, functions, and dysfunctions of cells, tissues, and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems, primarily for study in the health professions. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 2170. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II. (3-3-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2160. A continuation of BIOL 2160 covering the endocrine, circulatory, lymphatic, immune, respiratory, urinary, digestive, and reproductive systems. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 2200. CELLULAR & MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 1107 or BIOL 2100. The study of cells including nutrition, response to the environment, metabolism, growth and reproduction; molecular and biochemical mechanisms emphasized.

BIOL 2700. EVOLUTION. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: BIOL 1108 and 2100. A quantitative study of the processes of organic evolution. This course is non-repeatable.

BIOL 2800. ECOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 1108 or ENSC 1000 or permission of instructor. The study of the interrelationships of organisms with their physical and biological environment. Topics include population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels of organization. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 2920. HONORS SEMINAR. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Sophomore or higher standing and admission to University Honors Program. A general interdepartmental seminar.

BIOL 2950. SPECIAL TOPICS. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Permission of department. Consideration of topics in which courses are not otherwise offered, but for which there is a current need at the freshman/sophomore level.

BIOL 2999. UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Approval of Instructor. Individual or small group research project in the area of the instructor's expertise.

BIOL 3000. SEMINAR. (2-0-2)

Studies in selected fields of biology and/or environmental science requiring preparation of a scientific paper or papers and at least one oral presentation by each student.

BIOL 3010. BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY. (1-0-1)

A study of Greek, Latin, and other word origins of biological and medical terms, with the aim of improving insight and confidence in mastering scientific vocabulary.

BIOL 3180. ALLIED HEALTH MICROBIOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Designed to give a general knowledge of microorganisms and their relation to human welfare with respect to both pathology and transmission of disease. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 3400. ORGANISMAL PHYSIOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 1107 or BIOL 2200. Basic principles of plant and animal physiology, emphasizing mechanisms common to all life forms.

BIOL 3999. UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Approval of Instructor. Individual or small group research project in the area of the instructor's expertise.

BIOL 4010. INTEGRATED LIFE SCIENCE: THE UNITY AND DIVERSITY OF LIFE. (2-2-3)

Prerequisite: Permission of Instructor, PHSC 4010 recommended. A content course clarifying concepts in life science for middle grades teachers. Students acquire a depth of understanding of foundational life science concepts such as unity and biodiversity of life such that they can effectively assist others in learning. Course credit may not count toward B.S. Degree Biology Major Requirements. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4020. CLASSICAL EXPERIMENTS IN BIOLOGY. (2-1-3)

The development of science and specifically the biological sciences are traced through lectures and discussions emphasizing classical works and/or excerpts of classical works to 1957. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4110. ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2100. The embryological development of vertebrates. Includes study of relevant biochemistry, germ cell production, fertilization, differentiation, and the origin of organ systems. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4120. ENDOCRINOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2200. An in-depth study of the mechanisms of hormone secretion and interactions with receptors, specific endocrine tissues and their secretions, assaying methodology, and diseases and dysfunctions that involve the endocrine glands.

BIOL 4130. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: BIOL 2200. An overview of the interaction of drugs with tissue receptors; topics include the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs.

BIOL 4140. HISTOLOGY. (2-3-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 3400. The microscopic anatomy of vertebrate tissues and organs, with an emphasis on human organ systems.

This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4150. IMMUNOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2100. The structure and the normal and abnormal function of the vertebrate immune system, including the interactions of the cellular and humoral components.

BIOL 4160. MOLECULAR VIROLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2200 Cellular and Molecular Physiology. Course provides an overview of the structure and molecular biology of viruses (groups I-VII) and subviral particles known to exist. Major modes of infection of these viral and subviral agents in host organisms and the pathogenesis they cause in their hosts is surveyed.

BIOL 4170. MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES. (1-5-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 3400 and BIOL 3180 or BIOL 4180. A study of advanced microbiological techniques. Students are required to develop and conduct sophisticated experiments. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4180. MICROBIOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2100 and BIOL 2200. A study of bacteria and viruses. Emphasis on physiologic processes that are peculiar to non-eukaryotic cells and their usefulness as model biological systems. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4190. MOLECULAR GENETICS. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2100. An advanced study of the molecular basis of inheritance, with emphasis on selected human genes and disease. DNA structure, replication, transcription and translation will be presented in detail.

BIOL 4210. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. (3-3-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 3400 or CHEM 1211, CHEM 2100, and BIOL 1100. A presentation of the principles of plant physiology through lecture topics, lab demonstrations, and experiments. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4230. TECHNIQUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY. (1-6-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2100. A laboratory-intensive course designed to introduce the student to experimental techniques, instrumentation, and methodology commonly used in the laboratory investigation of molecules and cells. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4240. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2200. An introduction to the physiology of the vertebrate nervous system, primarily from a cellular point of view.

BIOL 4300. HUMAN BIOLOGY: SEX AND DRUGS. (3-0-3)

This course is designed to provide an examination of drugs and drug use, human sexuality and reproduction from a biological perspective. Various historical and social issues related to these topics will also be discussed.

BIOL 4410. BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2700. A study of taxonomy and systematics and the reasons why we name biological organisms and what classifications represent. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4420. CLINICAL PARASITOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 3400. Symptomatology, pathogenesis, epidemiology and treatment of the major protozoans, trematodes, cestodes and nematodes that most commonly infect humans.

BIOL 4430. COLEOPTERAN BIOLOGY. (1-4-3)

Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. Principles of evolution, classification, morphology, and life histories of Coleoptera. Laboratory and field work will emphasize Georgia species. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4440. COMPARATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY. (2-4-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 3400. Comparisons of organ function in both invertebrate and vertebrate animals. Interactions with environmental factors and control mechanisms emphasized. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4450. COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY. (2-4-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2700. A study of the gross anatomy, biomechanics, and evolutionary relationships of the chordates. Several types of vertebrates are dissected. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4460. GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2000. A study of the natural history, morphology, physiology, taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and behavior of insects. Covers the economic and medical importance of insects. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4470. HERPETOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Principles of evolution, classification, structure, distribution, adaptation, and life history of amphibians and reptiles. Laboratory and field work deals with various aspects of Georgia species. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4480. ICHTHYOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Taxonomy, morphology, life history, ecology, and distribution of fishes. Laboratory deals with taxonomy and natural history of fishes found in central Georgia. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4490. PHYCOLOGY. (3-3-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2800. Taxonomy, morphology, life history, ecology, and distribution of algae. This course is non-repeatable.

BIOL 4500. INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 1108 or permission of instructor. A study of invertebrate animals covering anatomy, physiology, ecology, taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and behavior. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4530. MAMMALOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2700. A study of the phylogeny, adaptations, and natural history of mammals worldwide. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4540. ORNITHOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2700. An introduction to the scientific study of birds, which includes the fossil record, anatomy, identification, systematics, and biogeography. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4550. FRESHWATER MUSSELS. (2-3-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2800. Taxonomy, morphology, life history, ecology, and distribution of freshwater mussels from the southeastern United States. Includes laboratory and field components which emphasize Georgia species. This course is non-repeatable. (Equivalent to ENSC 4550).

BIOL 4560. PLANT PATHOLOGY. (2-4-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 3400. This course is designed as an introduction to plant diseases and disease processes. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4580. MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF PLANTS. (2-4-4)

A comprehensive survey of the morphology, anatomy, economic importance and evolution of vascular and nonvascular plants. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4590. VERTEBRATE BIOMECHANICS. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites: PHYS 1111 and BIOL 2700. An advanced study of the structure and function of the vertebrate musculoskeletal system.

BIOL 4610. VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. (3-2-4)

A study of the classes of vertebrates in relation to taxonomy, life history, population, and evolution. Includes laboratory and field collections emphasizing Georgia vertebrates. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4700. CENOZOIC PALEOECOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: GEOL 1121 or 1122 or BIOL 1100 or 1107 or 1120 or 2000 or permission of instructor. Study of the interrelationships between extinct organisms and their environments, focusing on taphonomic analyses of Cenozoic fossil communities.

BIOL 4710. BIOGEOGRAPHY. (4-0-4)

Theories and principles concerning regional patterns of plant and animal distributions.

BIOL 4720. COMMUNITY ECOLOGY. (2-3-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2800. The ecological study of community structure, function and the interrelated dynamics. Major communities of Georgia and the major biomes of North America will be studied. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4730. COMPARATIVE ANIMAL BEHAVIOR. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: 12 hours of BIOL and/or PSYC. The behavior of organisms ranging from bacteria to humans from the standpoint of genetics, evolution, physiology, ecology, and social organization. (Cross-listed as PSYC 4730.)

BIOL 4740. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION. (2-2-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 1100. A consideration of major environmental questions of today's world and the ecological aspects relating to the conservation of man's renewable and non-renewable resources. (Cross-listed as GEOG 4740.) This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4750. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 1107 or ENSC 1000 and 1000L. A study of interaction of microorganisms with their environment. Emphasis on microorganisms of terrestrial and aquatic environments, and environmental determinants that control their distribution, activities, and cross-interactions in these environments.

BIOL 4760. PLANT SYSTEMATICS. (2-4-4)

A course using local flora to teach principles of plant systematics. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4770. FIELD ORNITHOLOGY. (2-4-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2700. An introduction to field techniques for studying birds, e.g., field identification by sight and song, census taking, developing a field study. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4780. FRESHWATER BIOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2800. The study of freshwater organisms, their identification, natural history, and environmental relationships. Particular emphasis will be given to lotic systems. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4790. LIMNOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: 6 hours of CHEM or permission of instructor. Ecology of freshwater environments emphasizing the physical and chemical features of lakes and ponds. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4800. PLANTS & PEOPLES OF LATIN AMERICA. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: ANTH 1102 or BIOL 1100 or BIOL 1107 or BIOL 1120 or permission of instructor. Critical examination of the role neotropical plant resources have played in the culture, economics, and history of Latin America and the world.

BIOL 4820. TOPICS IN AVIAN EVOLUTION. (3-0-3)

Prerequisite: BIOL 4540. An advanced course in ornithology with varying course topics (to be announced before term, e.g., origin of birds, fossil record of birds, migration, avian anatomy).

BIOL 4840. TOPICS IN HORTICULTURE. (1-4-3)

An introduction to horticultural principles and applications in the greenhouse and landscape. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4850. VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite: BIOL 2700. A detailed study of the evolution and phylogenetic relationships of the major groups of vertebrates. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4860. VERTEBRATE FIELD TECHNIQUES. (2-4-4)

A survey of field techniques used to sample nongame wildlife to include experimental design, data collection, field notes, and final report writing. Group field project required. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4870. WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT. (3-2-4)

Survey of the techniques and methodologies used in wildlife management of game and nongame animals. Field project required. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4890. METHODS IN BIODIVERSITY STUDY. (3-2-4)

Prerequisite Senior Standing. A senior level field-intensive course designed to allow the student to draw on knowledge and skills gained from previous courses. The course is designed to allow the student to implement experimental design, instrumentation, sampling techniques, and general methodologies needed to implement and complete a field based research project on a naturally occurring vertebrate population. Also, methods of reporting the results of the research in a manuscript form and orally will be required by the student.

BIOL 4910. ORIGINS: SCIENTIFIC VIEWS. (3-0-3)

Prerequisites BIOL 2700. An examination of significant stages in the evolution of life from a scientific perspective working backward in time from the origin of human intelligence to the big bang. This course satisfies the course option for a senior capstone in biology.

BIOL 4940. INDEPENDENT STUDY. (VAR. 1-4)

Independent work arranged by the instructor according to the individual student's preparation, background, and needs.

BIOL 4950. SPECIAL TOPICS. (VAR. 1-4)

Consideration of topics in which courses are not offered otherwise, but for which there is current need. Subject matter varies. This course has a laboratory fee.

BIOL 4960. INTERNSHIP. (VAR. 1-15)

Prerequisite: Selection for participation in a University-approved Internship program. An individually designed off-campus course involving study, research and/or work in a science position.

BIOL 4970. THESIS. (VAR. 1-3)

Prerequisite: Approval of Department Chair. Individual independent research on a directed thesis project.

BIOL 4980. STUDY ABROAD (VAR. 1-15)

See the International Studies section of the catalog for details.

BIOL 4999. UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH. (VAR. 1-4)

Prerequisite: Approval of Instructor. Individual or small group research project in the area of the instructor's expertise.

BLACK STUDIES (BLST)

BLST 2010. INTR